Vitch-koka



(No Model.) a I 2 sheets sheet 1. K. R. MILOVANOVITUH-KOKA.

MAGAZINE FIRE ARM.

Patented Oct. 15,

Iwa 7a. WQZWWW'M m we PETERs mmum wm. Washington. o.c.

(No Model.)

. 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. v K. R. MILOVANOVITOH-KOKA.

' MAGAZINE FIRE ARM.

No. 413,078. Patented Oct. 15, 1889.

N. PETERS. PhnlwLhhograpMv. Wlillinflum D, C.

UNITED STATES KOSTA R. MILOVANOVITCH-KOKA, VIENNA, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.

PATENT QFFICE.

MAGAZINE FIRE-ARM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 413,078, dated October 15, 1889.

Application filed December 4, 1888. Serial -No. 292,685. (No model.) Patented in Germany October 30, 1888, No. 47,777 g in France October 30,1388, No. 193,806 in Belgium October 30, 1888, No. 83,779; in Switzerland November 15, 1888,11'0. 46,

and in Italy December 31, 1888, Nos. 128 and 24,820.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, KOSTA R. MILOVANO- VITCH-KOKA, lieutenant-colonel and military attach of the King of Servia, a subject ofthe King of Servia, residing at Vienna, in the province of Lower Austria, in the Empire of AustriaJ-Iungary, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Magazine Fire- Arms, (for which I have obtained Letters Patent in Germany, dated October 30, 1888, No. 47,7 77 in France, dated October 30, 1888, No. 193,806; in Belgium, dated October 30, 1888, No; 83,7 79; in Italy, dated December 31, 1888, Nos. 128 and 24,320, and inSwitzerland, dated November 15, 1888, No. 46;) and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

Referring to the drawings, Figure l is an isometric view of so much of abolt-gun as is necessary to illustrate the application of my improved magazine .to this style of guns. Fig. 2 is a like view, the magazine being removed to more clearly illustrate the feed-slot in the side of the receiver. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the receiver of a bolt-gun provided with a lateral feed slot or aperture. Figs. 4 and 5 are sections taken on lines an ac and x 48', respectively, of Fig. 3, and as seen when looking in the direction of the arrows 1 and 2. Fig. 6is a side elevation of the magazine, the lower portion thereof being broken away. Figs. 7, 8, 9, and 10 aretransverse sections of the receiver and magazine applied thereto, illustrating, respectively, the mode of feeding the cartridges to the receiver and the mode of supplying the magazine. Fig. 11

showing the partially-withdrawn cartridgecase in transverse section.

The object of this invention is to improve the efficiency of breech-loading guns by providing means whereby the marksman is enabled at any time to ascertain the number of cartridges in the magazine, supply the same withcartridges singly or in packs or packages at any time, whether the magazine is partly or wholly exhausted, and whereby the feeding of the cartridges to the receiver or the breech-chamber is rendered independent of the action of the bolt or breech mechanism.

To these ends the invention consists in the peculiar construction of the magazine and its combination with a breech-loader having a feed-slot formed in the receiver, substantially as .hereinafter fully described, and as set forth in the claims.

The invention further consists in the combination, with the magazine, of a cartridgecase of peculiar construction for supplying the magazine with cartridges, and in other minor structural features and combinationsof parts, substantially as hereinafter fully described, and as specifically pointed out in the claims. l

- The improved magazine is so constructed as to always present a cartridge in such a position that it may be pushed by hand directly into the breech-chamber of the gun. when the breech is open whether the gun is provided with a pivoted breech-block, as in the Peabody or Martini rifle, or with a revoluble block, as in the VVerndl rifle, or with a slidmg bolt, so that the feeding of the cartridge to the breech-chamber is in a measure independent of theaction of the breech mechanism should such mechanism fail to carry the cartridge forward into the chamber; but that my invention may be fully understood I will describe the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, wherein- B indicates the receiver of a bolt-gun that has formed in one of its lateral walls an opening B of varying diameter to afford a passage to the cartridges from the magazine to said receiver.

As shown in Figs. 2 3 at and 5 the o )enin 7 3 3 7 b or slot for about two-thirds of its length from front to rear, or from a point p to a point p, is of such a diameter as to afford a free passage to the corresponding part of a cartridge, while the rear end of said slot 13 is of such a diameter as to allow but a small portion of a cartridge and its flange to project' wardly-inclined walls 1) merge into shallow grooves I), that are segmental in cross-section and are of gradually-increased width from their rear to their front ends to afford passage to and guide the rear portion and flange of the cartridge from the slot into the receiver when pushed forward either by hand or by the breeclrbolt, so that each cartridge is' guided by the slot until the projectile end of said cart'ridgc has fully passed into the breech or chamber of the barrel, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 13, when the said cartridge will be free to move out of the opening B, it being then guided by tl1ebreech-el1a1n her.

Although I prefer to form a slot or open-- ing of the construction described in one side of the receiver, yet this is not absolutely necessary, as such a discharge-mouth may be connected with or formed on the magazine, the outer faces of such month being rectangular and fitting into a corresponding slot in the IGGGlVO1-\\'tl-ll.

The magazine consists, essentially, in an open-top casing A, of substantially polygonal form, in whose front and rear walls is formed a slot at, near the lower end of which is a notch a, Fig. 1. The cartridges are fed to the upper open end of the magazine by a spring (I, having the usual follower secured to its free end, said follower being provided with lugs a, that project through the end-wall slots a of the magazine. By compressing the spring a and moving the lugs or cars a into the notches (4 said spring may be held in a compressed state, for purposes presently to be explained.

To prevent th e cartridges from being ej eeted through the upper open end of the magazine and to guide said cartridges laterally under the stress of their feed-spring, I provide a spring-cover A, composed of an elastic or spring plate or shank a, whose upper end is bent at an angle to the vertical and projects over the mouth or upper end of the magazine and constitutes the cover. The cover portion is so constructed as to form two diverging arms a, the outer edges of which are bent at right angles, or nearly so, as shown in Figs. 1, 0 to 10, and in Fig. 13, to form projecting lugs or cars a, there being an opening a) between said diverging arms a. The elastic shank a of the cover A has its lower end A re-enforced, and is secured to the front wall of the magazine by means of a screw a, that passes through such re-cnforccd portion and through a slot in said front wall, said screw also serving to secure to the re-enforced portion A of the cover-shank a a spring-catch a", that projects through a slot in a thumb-piece A, formed on the foot of the shank a.

By means of the described arrangement the cover A may be moved down and. locked to the magazine to prevent the cartridges from passing out of the magazine laterally, as shown in Fig. 8, when it is desired to load the gun in the usual manner.

As shown in Fig. 7, the inclined diverging arms a of the cover or lid A form a guide to guide the cartridges laterallyinto the slot B of the receiver or into thedischarge-opening of the magazine. To insure that such cartridges will. more into said slot at the desired angle relatively to the longitudinal axis of the receiver and breech-chamber, Iprovidc alng that is secured to the free end of a Hat spring a", Figs. 1, U, and 13, secured to the front wall of the magazine. Thelug projects through an opening in said front wall. and impinges upon the forward end of the cartridges as they are brought in position, thus forcing or guiding said forward end of the cartridges laterally, so that each cartridge as it reaches a position to enter the feed-opening in the receiver will lie at the proper inclination thereto.

Inasmuch as the end walls of themagazine are slotted, the marksman can see at all times thenumber of cartridges therein. To avoid any mistake, both end walls or the rear end wall of the magazine may he graduated and such graduations properly spaced according to the number of cartridges the magazine will hold, and numbered from top downward, as shown in Fig. 1, the projecting lug or car a" on the follower serving an index to indicate the number of cartridges in or remain ing in the magazine.

By providing a spring cover or lid A, as described,the magazine may be supplied with cartridges at any time, either singly, when the magazine is not exhausted, or collectively by introducing a package of such cartridges by moving the spring-cover A outwardly, the cars a," serving as hand-holds or as guides. By these means, wlten an order of cease iiring is given and the cartridgesin the magazine are not exhausted, the marksman may, without removing the magazine from the gun, replenish it with cartridges from his pouch by introducing them singly, the feed-spring being first compressed and locked against expansion to allow the remaining cartridges to drop down. The projectile end of a cartridge is then introduced into theopening or. of the spring-cover A, causing it to bear against the under sideof the front arm (1, of said cover, the rear end of the cartridge being pressed against the inner face of the rear vertical lug a, thereby forcing the cover outward and permitting the cartridge to drop into the magazine. In this manner cartridge after cartridge may be introduced until the magazine is filled again.

To load the magazine at a single operation, the required number of. cartridges are put up into a package, the holder for the cartridges being of proper construction. This holder 0, Figs. 9 to 12, consists of a sheet-metal case open at top, bottom, and on one side, the converging flanges at the open front side, as well as a portion of the rear Wall, being slitted from the lower edge upwardly to form spring retaining-tongues 0 the lower end of which is bent inwardly to hold the tier of cartridges, 7

a central ear 0 being formed at the upper edge of the back wall that projects across the open top of the case, and to said ear is secured a loop 0 of leather or other suitable is of such size as to fit inside of the magazine, 1

and can be readily introduced after locking the feed-spring against expansion and moving'back the spring-cover A, which may be effected by pressingthe rear end of the case 0 against the rear vertical lug or ear a of the magazine, the case being held so that its rear Wall 0 will be parallel with the correspondin'g wall of the magazine A, thereby moving the spring-cover a out of the way, when said case 0 may be pushed into the magazine. pushed in, the cover springs back into position,. its diverging arms lying on opposite sides of the ear 0 of the cartridge-case, and the latter may then be pulled out by the strap 0 the diverging arms a of the cover pre venting the cartridges from moving with the case, while the strain exerted will cause the retaining-tongues c to spread, thus leaving the cartridges in the magazine. In this manner of loading it is not absolutely necessary to lock the feed-spring a against expansion, as the case of cartridges may be pushed into the magazine against the stress of said spring, as will be readily understood. Of course the spread of the diverging arms of the bent portion A ,of the spring-cover a is such as not to overlap the opposite ends of the cartridgecase 0 when inserted in the magazine, so as to permit ofits withdrawal, as described.

To properly guide the cartridge-case when it is inserted into the magazine, the opposite ends of the latter are extended vertically to form guidedugs or ears a as shown. As

As soonv as the case 0 is fully soon as the cartridge-case O is fully withdrawn from the magazine, the spring-follower, in conjunction with the inclined cover A and the spring-lug a impels the uppen cartridge into the discharge-mouth of the magazine or the slot B in the receiver, as shown in Fig. 7.

If it is desired to use the gun in the,ordinary manner, byinserting the cartridges singly into the receiver after each shot, through the top opening, the cartridges in the case are locked against vertical and lateral motion by pulling down the spring-cover, so that the catch a will engage the bottom of the magazine, as shown in Fig. 8, the spring-shank of the cover being properly guided in this movement by guide-flanges a secured to the front wall of the magazine, as shown in Fig. 1. When the spring-catch is released, the cover will be automatically returned into its normal position bythe pressure exerted by the feed-spring a. Inasmuch asthe power of the feed-spring is not exerted uniformly upon the whole cover by reason of the varying diameter of the cartridges, there is a tendency to lateral movement of said cover, to avoid which I employ the locking-lever a Figs. 1 and 6.

In view of the described construction of the slot B or'the discharge-mouth of the magazine a cartridge dropped into the receiver from above cannot penetrate into the lateral slot, so that all danger of a cartridge becoming wedged in the receiver or all danger of an empty shell becoming so wedged in the receiver is avoided.

The magazine may be permanently secured to the gun, as shown in Fig. 1, or it may be I ID the difficulties first above referred to are effectually overcome, the improvements being simple in construction and comparatively inexpensive, and are applicable to anyof the existin gbreech-loadin g guns, and may be applied to either side of the gun. In guns of the Manser, Gras, Le Bel, Berdan, Martini, and Werndl systems the magazine may be applied with greater advantage to the left side of the receiver, while it may be secured to either side of guns of the Mannlicher and Wetterli systems.

Although I have described a simple and cheap manner of putting up the cartridges in packages, yet this is not essentially necessary, as has been explained, and as is the case with the Mannlicher magazine, in which special cartridge packages are necessary. Finally, I would state that it is not absolutely necessary that the cartridges be lifted to the discharge the latter maybe reversed and the cartridges fed to the gun by gravity; or the magazine maybe arranged in a more or less horizontal plane relatively to the gun.

llaving. described my invention, what I claim is 1. In a breech-loading gun, a receiver provided with a longitudinal slot in one of its sides and a guide composed of guide-ribs extending partly along the slot toward the receiver and at an angle to its longitudinal axis to guide the cartridge-bullet end foremost into the receiver and breech-chamber at a point in proximity to the latter, in combination with a magazine provided with suitable means to force the cartridge into said slot, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

2. In a breech-loading gun, the combination, with the receiver provided with a 101igitudinal slot in one side thereof, the forward portion of said slot being wider than the rear portion, said narrower rear portion being.

formed by guide-ribs arranged at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the receiver, of a magazine and a guide to guide the cartridges therefrom into the slot, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

In a, breech-loading gun, the combination, with the receiver provided with a longitudinal slot in one of its sides, the forward portion of said slot being wider than the rear portion, said narrower rear portion being formed by guide-ribs arranged at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the receiver, and said ribs merging into gnidegrooves, of a magazine and a guide to guide the cartridges therefrom into the slot, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

a. In a breech-loading gun, the combination, with the receiver provided with a longitudinal slot in one of its sides, the forward portion of said slot being wider than the rear portion, said narrower rear portion being formed by guide-ribs arranged at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the receiver, of a magazine and an elastic guide to guide the cartridges therefrom into the slot, saichguide being provided with an opening leading into the magazine for the purpose of feeding the cartridges to the breech-chamber by hand,

substantially as and for the purposes specified.

5. In a breech-loading gun, the combination, with the receiver provided with a longitudinal slot in one of its sides, of a magazine and a vertically-adjustableguide'covertherefor, consisting of an elastic plate having diverging arms extending over the open end of the magazine and arranged at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the receiver, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

6. In a breech-loading gun, the combination, with the receiver provided in one of its sides with a longitudinal slot whose rear portion is narrower than its front portion, said narrower portion being formed by guide-ribs arranged at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the receiver and merging into guidegrooves, of a magazine provided with a vertically-adj ustable elastic cover arranged at an angle to the horizontal and a spring lug or finger projecting into the magazine and adapted to impinge on the projectile end of the cartridges, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

7.111 a breech-loading gun, the combination, with the receiver, of a magazine having its rear wall slotted vertically and provided with a graduated index, a feed-spring and follower, and a pointer connected with said follower and arranged to travel along the graduated index, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

8. In a breech-loading-gun, the combination, with the receiver and a magazine and a laterally-movable cover shorter than said magazine and having a central opening or cutaway portion to form two diverging arms, of acartridge-case open at top, bottom, and one side, and provided with spring-fingers at its lower edge to retain the cartridges therein, and with an ear projecting centrally across the open top, said case fitting into the magazine, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

9. In a breech-loading gun, the combination, with the receiver provided with a longitudinal slot in one of its sides, the forward portion of said slot being wider than the rear portion thereof, said narrower rear portion being formed by guide-ribs D, arranged at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the receiver and merging into grooves Z), of a magazine provided with a vertically and laterally movable cover arranged at an angle to the horizontal, a spring-actuated follower, and the locking-lever a substantially as and for the purposes specified.

10. A magazine for breech-loading guns, consisting ofa rectangular receptacle or case and a spring-cover composed of the springshank a and the inclined diverging arms a, provided with the lugs or cars a, said cover being seen red to the box by a screw extending through a vertical slot in said box, in combination with a loeking-levera ,forlocking the cover against lateral movement, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

11. A magazine for breech-loading guns, consisting of a rectangular receptacle or case having vertical slots formed in both end walls and provided with an index graduated to the number of cartridges the magazine can hold, the graduations being numbered from top downward, and a horizontal slot at near the lower end of and merging into said vertical slots, and a spring-actuated follower arranged within the magazine and having extensions or lugs a projecting through the vertical end slots of the magazine; substantially as and for the purposes specified.

12. A magazine for breech-loading guns, consisting of a rectangular receptacle and a cover therefor, composed of the diverging spring-shank a, said cover being secured to the front wall of the receptacle by a screw o passing through the re-enforced portion of the cover-shank and through a slot in said receptacle, in combination with a springcatch a), secured by said screw a to the cover-shank and extending through the slot of the thumb-plate, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

13. A magazine for breech loading guns, consisting of a rectangular receptacle and a cover therefor, composed of diverging and laterally-movable spring-arms terminating in a hand-hold, the spread of said arms being less than the lengthof the box and constructed toform a notch or recess bet-ween them, in

lower edge with spring-fingers o l, with the outwardly-bent flange 0 along the upper edge at one end, and with the central lug or earc, provided with a strap 0 said case being adapted for insertion into the magazine, substantially as and for the purposes specified. In testimony whereof I affix my signature i presence of two witnesses.

KOSTA R. MILOVANOVITCH-KOKA. Witnesses:

EDMUND J USSEN, OTTO SOHIFFER.

2O combination with a cartridge-case 0, open at top, bottom, and front, and provided at its 

